Penicillins. From the fungus Penicillium, are the oldest and in many cases the first choice, act breaking the bacterial wall.

Cephalosporins. Similar to penicillins, but unlike those obtained by chemical synthesis (a procedure that does not include the use of natural products).

Aminoglycosides. Acting on bacterial cell growth.

Macrolides. Are useful for treating many infections, so they are ideal for those allergic to penicillin.

Tetracyclines. Are prescribed to treat mouth infections, bronchitis and those caused by foreign bacteria.

Quinolones. Usually used to treat urinary tract infections.

Sulfonamides. Effective against bacterial diversity, but are used especially to treat urinary and bronchial infections.
Careful, the chances are reduced

When a bacterial population is exposed to a particular antibiotic, the most vulnerable die, but survived a few, this occurs when the dose is not given proper medication, if not taken on time, or when the same patient is prescribed the drug. If the organisms that survived are given another dose of a different antibiotic not recommended by the health specialist, will become resistant and may come a time when it is not possible to exterminate them with any substance. Today, we see this in some cases of tuberculosis and pneumonia.

“The most dangerous thing is that the surviving bacteria not only ‘learn’ to resist the onslaught of drugs, but that transmit information to future generations and, in turn, to other microbes,” explained the CINVESTAV specialist.

“The main error committed, he added, patients are ingesting antibiotics in the past some infectious process were effective, but most often it is not the medication or dosage, since the actual disease may be caused by fungi or viruses, and these drugs do not fight these organisms. With these actions will promote bacterial resistance and some adverse effects such as allergic reactions, poisoning, gastrointestinal problems and destruction of microbial flora that protects the body, “explains Hernández Castañeda.

Moreover, this situation is often complicated further when making misdiagnoses, “as some doctors do not have enough experience to determine based on the patient’s symptoms if the infection is caused by viruses or bacteria, and prescribe antibiotics for this reason, it is best offer, in principle, treatment to relieve symptoms and get medical tests, so that once the results are prescribing the right antibiotic, “the president of the FMEA.

Finally, Dr. Castañeda Hernández advises, “avoid self-medication and never heed the recommendations of friends, family or pharmacy clerk, it is best to consult with highly trained physicians.”

Note that the decision to prescribe an antibiotic and the election of the only responsibility of the physician, always keep in mind that the use of these drugs is not something to play, because if you take no action is possible in the future simple throat infection causes the death of us.

credit to: Karina Galarza Vásquez

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Antibiotics cure infections have led to many years ago used to kill thousands of people, however, that progress has its downside. This refers to the indiscriminate use of such drugs, which is causing bacteria to become resistant.

When we have fever, be accompanied by sore throat, diarrhea or discomfort when urinating, we often run to the medicine cabinet in search of antibiotics that were prescribed above as on the one hand, it is common to associate high temperature with infectious processes, and the other, it is believed that these drugs have the same effect. Grave error!, We have no idea what the microbe responsible for the disease, and all you are doing is damaging our bodies.

“It should be noted that misuse of antibiotics can cause serious health problems such as allergies, poisoning and bacterial resistance. In addition, by eating that does not attack any germs that are damaging reproduction is favored, which causes the disease worse and even cause death, “he says in an exclusive interview saludymedicinas.com.mx Dr. Gilberto Castañeda Hernández, who is head of the Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) National Polytechnic Institute (IPN .)

For different problems

The term antibiotic, etymologically means “against life”, so it is conceivable that these drugs are able to kill any microorganisms but, for reasons of effectiveness, their use has focused only to the extermination of bacteria. Since its appearance proved to be excellent weapon to fight various infections and have managed to effectively treat many diseases once considered incurable, such as:

Plague. It causes high fever, malaise, headache, cough and swollen glands (regions where they are located defenses).

Pertussis. It starts as flu which then aggravates and causes uncontrollable coughing and difficulty breathing.
Tuberculosis. Severely affects the lungs but can attack other parts of the body such as brain, kidneys or spine, its symptoms include severe coughing with expulsion of blood, weakness, weight loss and chest pain.

Pneumonia. Lung infection that causes fever, chills, sweating, cough with sputum, chest pain, poor appetite and difficulty breathing.

These drugs are classified as narrow and broad spectrum, the former exterminate or control the growth of several types of bacteria, while the latter killed one or two types of these microbes, but their power is greater. “It’s important to know that antibiotics work through two main mechanisms: killing the existing microorganisms (bactericidal) and preventing their reproduction (bacteriostatic action)”, also referred to the president of the Mexican Association of Pharmacology (FMEA).

It should be noted that antibiotics may be administered in different ways, which is determined by taking into account medical and patient acuity problem:

Local. Its application is on specific area, such as skin, eyes and mucous membranes are available in powder, ointment, drops and ointments.

Oral. Enters the body through tablets, suspensions and capsules, and released into the small intestine to be absorbed into the bloodstream.

Parenteral. It is given by injection subcutaneously (under the skin), intramuscular (into a muscle) or intravenously (into veins) are used this technique when the patient suffers serious infection, because this way you get strong and rapid concentration of the drug .

“The choice of antibiotic is based on the type of infection experienced by the patient, what can be known through interrogation, physical examination and laboratory tests (sample of sputum, blood, urine or tissue) also takes into account severity of disease, drug toxicity and allergy history of the victim. In this way it is possible to prescribe safely, “says Castañeda Hernández.

credit to: Karina Galarza Vásquez

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Thus, the inappropriate use of antibiotics can lead to prolonged and recurrent allergic reaction.

Joaquin Martin Lazaro Hospital Marcide Architect in Ferrol, Spain, recalled that “any drug can cause a reaction in the body is allergic or not, a reason for not self-medicate”. That applies to the use of analgesics, with or without a prescription, which causes significant increase increasingly allergic reactions.

Rumors spread in the field rather than scientific evidence in the case of childhood vaccines, generally well tolerated and no adverse effects on circulating an unfounded fear the reaction of MMR in egg allergic children, attributed to The vaccine is grown in chicken embryo fibroblasts: “In reviewing the adverse reactions, it appeared that most were in children allergic to eggs and, in a large percentage of them, found allergies to gelatin.

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